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| Capsule |
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A. baumannii pan-genome was shown to include a highly diverse repertoire of gene sequences. In particular, capsule gene cluster is highly variable. The cluster at the K locus often contains either capsule export genes (wza, wzb, and wzc) or genes for simple sugar synthesis (galU, ugd, gpi, gne1, and pgm), which flank a central variable region that would be required for the synthesis of a specific monosaccharide. ... |
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Capsule I
(Type I O-polysaccharide) |
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A key virulence determinant and that loss of capsule production results in severe attenuation in animal models of disease. ... |
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| Capsule |
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Major antigenic component of the classic Penner serotyping system. Variation in the capsule structure may cause by multiple mechanisms, such as exchange of capsular genes and entire clusters by horizontal transfer, gene duplication, deletion, fusion and the presence of homopolymeric G tracts in several cps genes. ... |
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| Capsule |
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The biosynthesis of capsular polysaccharides by E. faecalis is encoded by the csp operon, which includes 11 open reading frames (cpsA to cpsK). However, only 7 open reading frames in the cps operon are essential for capsule production (cpsC, cpsD, cpsE, cpsG, cpsI, cpsJ, and cpsK). Previous genetic evidence demonstrated that E. faecalis isolates can be classified in 1 of 3 capsule operon polymorphisms. CPS 1 presents only cpsA and cpsB. CPS 2 presents all 11 genes in the cps operon. CPS 5 presents all genes except for cpsF. Furthermore, CPS 2 and 5 express the capsular polysaccharide, whereas CPS 1 does not. ... |
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| Capsule |
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Group 4 capsule. High molecular weight (HMW) O-antigen capsule. A polymer of the tetrasaccharide repeat, 4)-a-D-GalNAcAN-(1-.4)-a-D-GalNAcAN-(1-.3)-b-D-QuiNAc-(1-.2)-b-D-Qui4NFm-(1-, which is identical to F. tularensis O-antigen subunit. F. tularensis synthesizes an O-antigen capsule containing approximately 125 to 300 or more O-antigen repeating units. ... |
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| Capsule |
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H.influenzae can express one or none of six antigenically distinct polysacchaide capsules, designated a through f. Bacteria expressing the type b capsule polyribosyl ribitol phosphate (PRP) account for the overwhelming majority of invasive disease isolates. The most systemic isolates express the type b capsule, whereas most respiratory tract isolates are uncapsulated (referred to as non-typable). ... |
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| Capsule |
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The Klebsiella polysaccharide capsule is produced through a Wzy-dependent process, for which the synthesis and export machinery are encoded in a single 10-30 kb region of the genome known as the K locus. 78 distinct capsule phenotypes have been recognized by serological typing, but many isolates are serologically non-typable. Capsular serotypes vary substantially in the degree of serum resistance. K1, K2 and K5 are highly serum resistant and are associated with hypervirulent strains that differ from classical K. pneumoniae in that they commonly cause community-acquired disease. ... |
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| Capsule |
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The meningococcal capsule-synthesis (cps) gene cluster consists of five regions:. Region A harbors the polysaccharide synthesis operon (sia, syn genes). Region B contains lip genes responsible for lipid modification. Region C harbors ctr genes necessary for polysaccharide transport. Region D is involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis. Region D' is a truncated duplication of the region D. Region E contains the tex gene homologue. On-off switching of expression via a poly-cytidine tract within siaD. ... |
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| Vi antigen |
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Vi is abbreviation for virulence. The viaB locus is within Salmonella pathogenicity island SPI-7, which also encodes SopE and a type IVB pilus. The viaB locus encodes genes involved in regulation (tviA), Vi biosynthesis (tviBCDE), export, and retention of the Vi on the bacterial cell surface (vexABCDE). A viaB locus is absent from S. Paratyphi A, and most gastroenteritis-causing serovars including S. Typhimurium. ... |
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| Capsule |
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Produced by over 90% of Staphylococcus aureus strains. Two serotypes (5 and 8) predominate among clinical isolates of S. aureus from humans. ... |
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